Abstract

Mouhamadou Moustapha Thiam*, Cheikh Diop, Fatoumata Bah, Lhyxzas Thimboungou, Mamadou Niang, Aminata Toure and Mamadou Fall

Introduction: Anticancer chemotherapy, although essential in cancer management, generates a substantial quantity of waste that is hazardous to human health and the environment. This waste, classified among Healthcare Waste with Infectious Risk (HCWIR) and hazardous chemical waste, requires rigorous management in accordance with specific standards. This study aimed to evaluate the management of anticancer chemotherapy waste in Dakar.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study focusing on the organization of anticancer chemotherapy waste management in health facilities (public and private) in Dakar. The study was conducted from April 1 to April 30, 2025. A total of ten (10) health facilities (public and private) were identified in the Dakar region and constituted our sample.

Results: The types of waste generated in chemotherapy units were, in 70% of cases, empty vials of anticancer drugs, used ampoules and syringes, gloves and protective equipment (masks, gowns), infusion materials (tubing, filters), and residual contaminated waste (e.g., bags and compresses soaked with drug residues). The waste management steps were sorting, collection, secure transport, storage, and disposal. Approximately 80% of participants indicated that anticancer drug waste is not collected in specific containers. Waste is transported to the treatment area using bags in 50% of cases and dedicated carts in 30% of cases. Sixty percent (60%) of participants reported that incineration is the disposal method used for anticancer drug waste. The majority of staff (80%) have not received training in the management of anticancer drug waste. Protective equipment is provided in only 50% of facilities.

Conclusion: The management of waste generated by anticancer chemotherapy represents a major challenge for health facilities in Dakar, owing both to its toxicity and to its potential impact on public health and the environment.