Abstract

Naushaba Rizwan1 *, Syed Farhan Uddin2 and Firdous Mumtaz1

Anemia in pregnancy constitutes a major public health problem in developing countries and is associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcome. The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of anemia in pregnancy and its impact on maternal and perinatal outcome. The specific plan or protocol for conducting the study is descriptive case series. This retrospective study was carried out from May 2011 to May 2012 in the department of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Unit-I) of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences Sindh. A total 1225 women irrespective of reproductive age, social economic, educational and residential status were included in the study. Women with other medical disorders except anemia were excluded from the study. The women who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were interviewed and the data was recorded on a predesigned proforma that recorded the Hb estimation, gest age, BMI, Parity, perinatal outcome (live birth, still birth, intrauterine death( IUD), IUGR (in intrauterine growth restriction).Univariate analysis was performed and also multivariate analysis was undertaken to control for confounding factors. Among 1225 women, 688were anemic (Hb< 11gm) prevalence of anemia was (56.1%). Risk of preterm delivery was 56.25%. Antepartum hemorrhage was found in 44(6.4%) patients. Retained placenta in 9(1.3%). PPH was found in 28(4.1%). Sepsis was noted in 125(18.2%). Maternal death occurred in 6(0.9%). Low birth weight was found in 96(14.0%).Perinatal mortality was 16(2.3%). Intrauterine death in 61(8.9%), low Apgar score at 1 minute was 69(10.0%) and at 5 minute was 16(2.3%) respectively. Anemia in pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcome.